I. Isingeniso
A. Incazelo ye-Relay
I-relay switch kagesi elawulwa enye isekethe kagesi.Iqukethe ikhoyili eyenza inkambu kazibuthe kanye neqoqo labathintwayo elivula futhi livale ngokuphendula inkambu kazibuthe.Ama-relay asetshenziselwa ukulawula amasekhethi kagesi afaka amaza aphezulu noma ama-voltage, noma lapho amasistimu amaningi edinga ukulawulwa kusuka kumthombo owodwa.
B. Ukubaluleka kwama-Relay
Ama-relay ayingxenye ebalulekile yezinhlelo eziningi zikagesi.Banikeza indlela ephephile nephumelelayo yokulawula amasekhethi aphezulu amanje noma ama-voltage, futhi avumela ukulawulwa kwamasistimu amaningi asuka emthonjeni owodwa.Ama-relay asetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza, kufaka phakathi ezimotweni, imishini yezimboni, nezinto zikagesi zasekhaya.
C. Injongo Yesihloko
Inhloso yalesi sihloko ukuhlinzeka ngesifingqo sendlela ama-relay asebenza ngayo kanye nokuchaza indlela yokuhlola ukuthi i-relay iyasebenza noma cha.Izophinde inikeze amathiphu okuxazulula inkinga i-relay engalungile futhi ishintshe uma kunesidingo.Ekupheleni kwalesi sihloko, abafundi kufanele babe nokuqonda kangcono ukuthi ama-relay asebenza kanjani kanye nendlela yokuxazulula izinkinga ezivamile zokudlulisa.
II.Indlela Ama-Relays Asebenza Ngayo
A.Izingxenye Zokudlulisa
Ama-relay akhiwe izingxenye ezimbalwa ezibalulekile.Lokhu kufaka phakathi ikhoyili yokulawula, abathintwayo, nendawo ebiyelwe.Ikhoyili yokulawula ngokuvamile iyikhoyili yocingo edala inkambu kazibuthe lapho imanje igeleza kuyo.Othintwayo amaswishi kagesi avula futhi avale ngokusabela kukazibuthe.Indawo ebiyelwe yi-casing evikelayo egcina izingxenye ze-relay.
B. Indlela Yokudluliswa Kwemali Shintsha Izifunda Zogesi
Uma i-current igeleza kukhoyili yokulawula, idala inkambu kazibuthe edonsa abathintwayo ndawonye noma ibahlukanise.Lokhu kunyakaza koxhumana nabo yikho okuvula noma ukuvala isifunda sikagesi esilawulwa yi-relay.Ama-relay ngokuvamile asetshenziselwa ukulawula amasekhethi aphezulu wamanje noma kagesi, njengalawo atholakala ezimotweni noma emishinini yezimboni.
C. Izinhlobo Zokudlulisa
Ukudluliselwa kuza ngezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene, ngayinye yakhelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza ezithile.Nazi ezinye zezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zama-relay:
1.I-Electromagnetic Relays
Ama-relay kagesi wuhlobo olujwayeleke kakhulu lwama-relay.Basebenza ngokusebenzisa uzibuthe kagesi ukuze bavule iswishi, bese ivula noma ivale isekethe.Ama-electromagnetic relays angakwazi ukuphatha amandla aphezulu kanye ne-voltage, okuwenza alungele ukusetshenziswa kwezimboni, njengokudluliselwa kwezimoto ebhokisini le-fuse, ukudluliselwa kwenhloso evamile.
2.I-Solid State Relays
Ama-Solid state relays (SSRs) ama-electronic relays asebenzisa amaswishi e-semiconductor esikhundleni soxhumana nabo bemishini.Zithembeke kakhulu futhi zinesikhathi eside sokuphila kunokudluliswa kuka-electromagnetic, okuzenza zifanelekele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ukwethembeka okuphezulu.
3.Ukudlulisa umhlanga
Ukudluliselwa komhlanga kusebenzisa inkambu kazibuthe ukuze kusebenze iswishi.Mancane futhi anesivinini sokushintsha ngokushesha kune-electromagnetic relay, okuwenza alungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinamaza okushintsha aphezulu.
4.I-Diode Relays
Ama-Diode relay asetshenziselwa ukuvikela izinto zikagesi ezibucayi kuma-voltage spikes okungenzeka lapho ukudluliselwa kuvaliwe.Zibuye zisetshenziswe ezinhlelweni zezimoto ukuvikela ukulimala kogesi wemoto.
5.Ama-Polarized Relay
Ama-polarized relay asebenzisa inkambu kazibuthe ukuze avule iswishi, kodwa adinga i-polarity ethile ukuze asebenze.Asetshenziswa kakhulu ezintweni zezimoto, njenge-air conditioning kanye nama-windshield wiper.
6.I-Latching Relays
I-Latching relay isebenzisa i-pulse encane yamanje ukuze kusebenze iswishi, bese ibamba endaweni kuze kusetshenziswe enye i-pulse yamanje.Zivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezidinga ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi.
7.Ukudluliselwa Kwesikhathi Ukubambezeleka
Ukudluliselwa kokulibaziseka kwesikhathi kusetshenziselwa ukulibazisa ukushintshwa kwesekhethi ngenani elithile lesikhathi.Avame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezidinga ukubambezeleka ngaphambi kokuvula noma ukuvala isekethe.
8.Ukudluliselwa Okushisayo
I-Thermal relay isebenzisa izinga lokushisa njengendlela yokucupha.Zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukuvikela ama-motor ekushiseni ngokweqile.
Sengiphetha, ukuqonda izinhlobo ezahlukene zamalayidi kungakusiza ukuthi ukhethe i-relay efanele yohlelo lwakho lokusebenza oluthile.Kubalulekile ukukhetha uhlobo olulungile lwe-relay ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi luzosebenza kahle futhi luthembekile kusekethe yakho.Ngokwazi amandla nemikhawulo yohlobo ngalunye lokudlulisela, ungenza isinqumo unolwazi lapho ukhetha ukudluliselwa kwephrojekthi yakho.
III.Izimpawu Zokudluliswa Okungalungile
A. Ukuchofoza kwe-Relay
Esinye sezibonakaliso ezivame kakhulu zesilayidi esinephutha umsindo wokuchofoza owenzayo lapho ukhanyisa noma ucisha.Kodwa-ke, uma umsindo wokuchofoza ungahambisani noma ungekho nhlobo umsindo, lokho kungase kubonise ukudluliswa okungalungile.
B. Izingxenye zikagesi ezingasebenzi
Olunye uphawu lwe-relay engalungile yilapho izingxenye zikagesi ezilawulwa yi-relay, njengezici zokusula amawindi noma i-air conditioning, ziyeka ukusebenza ngokuphelele.Lokhu kungase kubonise ukuthi i-relay yehlulekile ukuvula noma ukuvala isekethe kagesi, okuvimbela ingxenye kagesi ekutholeni amandla.
C. Amagesi Avuthayo noma Aqhumayo
Uma i-relay ifakwe endaweni enamagesi avuthayo noma aqhumayo, i-relay engalungile ingabangela ukuthi la magesi okhele, okuholela ekukhathazekeni okukhulu kokuphepha.Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuhlola njalo ama-relay kulezi zinhlobo zezindawo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi zisebenza kahle.
D. Ukukhuphuka kwamandla
Ama-relay aklanyelwe ukuvikela ekukhuphukeni kwamandla nokunye ukuphazamiseka kukagesi.Kodwa-ke, i-relay engalungile ingakwazi ukwenza kanjalo, okuholela ekulimaleni kwezingxenye zikagesi noma amasistimu okuhloswe ukuwavikela.
E. Izifunda Ezimfushane
I-relay engalungile ingabangela ukujikeleza okufushane, okungaholela ekulimaleni ohlelweni lwezintambo noma kuqale umlilo.Kubalulekile ukuhlola njalo ama-relay ukuze uthole izimpawu zokulimala noma ukuguga, futhi uzishintshe ngokushesha lapho kutholwa izinkinga.
Ngokuqaphela lezi zimpawu, ungakwazi ukubona kalula ukuthi i-relay isebenza kahle yini noma uma idinga ukushintshwa ukuze uvimbele noma yimuphi omunye umonakalo noma izingozi zokuphepha.
IV.Ukuhlola i-Relay
A. Izinyathelo Zokuhlola I-Relay
Ukuhlola i-relay kuyinqubo elula engenziwa ngisho nomakhenikha abangafundile.Nazi izinyathelo zokuhlola i-relay:
Susa i-relay ku-electronics yemoto.
Hlola idayagramu yezintambo ukuze ubone ikhoyili edluliswayo bese ushintsha izikhonkwane.
Linganisa inani lokumelana lamatheminali ekhoyili yokulawula nge-multimeter.I-relay esebenzayo kufanele ibonise inani lokumelana ngaphakathi kwebanga elicaciswe kumanuwali yomnikazi noma imanuwali yesevisi.imanuwali yesevisi.
Hlola inani lokumelana lamatheminali okushintshaniswa kwe-relay nge-multimeter.Inani lokumelana kufanele libe elingapheli lapho i-relay iphelelwa amandla futhi iqanda uma inikwa amandla.
Hlola othintana nabo be-relay ukuze uqhubeke usebenzisa imodi yokuqhubeka ye-multimeter.
B. Ukuhlola nge-Multimeter
I-multimeter iyithuluzi eliwusizo lokuhlola ama-relay.Nansi indlela yokuhlola i-relay nge-multimeter:
Setha i-multimeter ukukala i-voltage ye-DC.
Xhuma i-multimeter's positive lead kutheminali yekhoyili yokulawula ye-relay.
Xhuma i-negative lead ye-multimeter kutheminali enegethivu yebhethri.
Linganisa i-voltage yebhethri.
Nika amandla i-relay ngokusebenzisa amandla kukhoyili yokulawula usebenzisa i-jumper wire.
Linganisa i-voltage kutheminali yokushintshashintsha ye-relay.I-voltage kufanele ibe seduze ne-voltage yebhethri uma i-relay isebenza kahle.
C. Ukuhlola nge-Jumper Wires
Enye indlela yokuhlola i-relay ngokusebenzisa izintambo ze-jumper.Nansi indlela:
Susa i-relay ku-electronics yemoto.
Xhuma intambo ye-jumper kusuka kutheminali ephozithivu yebhethri uye kutheminali yekhoyili yokulawula ye-relay.
Xhuma enye intambo ye-jumper kusuka kutheminali enegethivu yebhethri iye endaweni yokulawula ikhoyili ye-relay.
Lalela umsindo wokuchofoza we-relay, ekhombisa ukuthi iyasebenza.
Sebenzisa isibani sokuhlola ukuze uhlole amandla kumaphini okushintsha kwesidluliseli.
Ngokulandela lezi zindlela zokuhlola, unganquma ukuthi i-relay isebenza kahle yini noma idinga ukushintshwa.
V. Ukuxazulula inkinga i-Faulty Relay
A. Ukuhlonza Inkinga
Uma usola ukuthi une-relay enephutha, isinyathelo sokuqala siwukubona inkinga.Qaphela izimpawu ze-relay enephutha, njengokuchofoza imisindo noma izingxenye zikagesi ezingasebenzi.Ungasebenzisa futhi i-multimeter noma izintambo ze-jumper ukuhlola i-relay.
B. Ukuthola I-Relay Elungile
Uma usuyibonile i-relay enephutha, udinga ukuthola ukumiselela okulungile.Hlola imanuwali yomnikazi noma imanuwali yesevisi yemoto yakho noma isistimu kagesi ukuze uthole i-relay efanele.Qiniseka ukuthi uthola uhlobo olulungile kanye nosayizi we-relay yohlelo lwakho lokusebenza.imanuwali yesevisi yemoto yakho noma isistimu kagesi ukuthola
C. Imidwebo Yezintambo
Bheka umdwebo wezintambo wemoto yakho noma isistimu kagesi ukuze uthole indawo ye-relay enephutha nokuthi ifakwe kanjani izintambo.Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi ususe futhi ufake esikhundleni i-relay ngendlela efanele.
D. Ukushintsha I-Relay Engalungile
Ukushintsha i-relay enephutha, okokuqala, qiniseka ukuthi isistimu ikhishwe amandla.Bese, susa i-relay endala bese uyishintsha ufake entsha.Qiniseka ukuthi uxhuma i-relay entsha ngendlela efanele, ulandela umdwebo wezintambo.Hlola i-relay entsha ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi isebenza kahle.
VI.Isiphetho
A. Ukuphindaphinda Kwamaphuzu Ayinhloko
Kulesi sihloko, sihlanganise izinto eziyisisekelo zokudluliswa, ukuthi zisebenza kanjani, nokuthi ungabona kanjani ukuthi i-relay isebenza kahle.Sixoxile futhi ngezimpawu ze-relay enephutha, indlela yokuhlola nokuxazulula inkinga i-relay, kanye nendlela yokufaka esikhundleni se-relay enephutha.
B. Ukubaluleka Kokunakekela Njalo
Kubalulekile ukuyilungisa njalo imoto yakho noma uhlelo lukagesi ukuze uvimbele ukwehluleka kokudluliselwa kwedatha.Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlola isistimu yezintambo, ukuhlola ibhokisi le-fuse, nokuhlola ama-relay ngezikhathi ezithile.Ukunakekelwa okuvamile kungakusiza ukuthi ubone izinkinga ezingaba khona ngaphambi kokuba zibe izinkinga ezinkulu.
C.Imicabango yokugcina
Sengiphetha, kubalulekile ukuqonda umsebenzi kanye nokusebenza kahle kwama-relay kunoma yiluphi uhlelo lukagesi.Ikhono lokuhlonza nokuhlonza ama-relay anephutha lingonga isikhathi, imali, futhi livimbele nezimo eziyingozi.Ngokugcina nokuhlola njalo ama-relay akho, ungaqinisekisa ukuphepha nokuthembeka kwemoto yakho noma ezinye izinto zokusebenza zikagesi.Ngosizo lwalesi sihloko, manje usunokuqonda kangcono ukuthi ungavivinya kanjani, uxazulule kanjani, futhi ufake esikhundleni sokudluliswa okungalungile.Khumbula ukuhlale ubheka imanuwali yomnikazi, imanuwali yesevisi, nemithetho yendawo ngaphambi kokuzama noma yimuphi umsebenzi kagesi uwedwa.Hlala uphephile futhi ugcine amasistimu akho kagesi esebenza kahle.incwadi yesevisi, nemithetho yendawo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-15-2023