Relay e etsa eng ka koloing?

I. Selelekela

Relay ea likoloike karolo ea bohlokoa ea tsamaiso ea motlakase ea koloi.Li sebetsa joaloka li-switches tse laolang ho phalla ha matla a motlakase likarolong tse sa tšoaneng tsa koloi, tse kang mabone, moea o futhumatsang moea le lenaka.Relay ea likoloi e na le boikarabello ba ho laola maemo a matla, ho tsamaisa maqhubu a motlakase, le ho etsa mesebetsi ea kelello e etsang hore koloi e tsamaee hantle.Sehloohong sena, re tla fana ka kakaretso ea hore na li-relay li etsa eng ka koloing, mefuta e fapaneng ea li-relay, le mokhoa oa ho fumana litaba tse tloaelehileng ka ho tsamaisana ha likoloi ka koloing.Qetellong ea sehlooho sena, u tla ba le kutloisiso e molemo ea bohlokoa ba ho tsamaisana ha likoloi tsamaisong ea motlakase ea koloi.

II.Relay e etsa eng ka koloing?

Li-relay li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa tsamaisong ea motlakase ea koloi, haholo ha ho tluoa tabeng ea ho laola lipotoloho tse phahameng tsa hona joale.Li sebetsa joaloka li-switches tsa motlakase, tse lumellang lipotoloho tse tlaase tsa hona joale hore li laole lipotoloho tse phahameng tsa ho phalla hona joale e le ho matlafatsa likarolo tse fapaneng tsa koloi.Ka mohlala, ha u bulela sesebelisoa sa hau sa lebone la pele, potoloho e tlaase ea hona joale e matlafatsa khoele ea relay, e etsang hore ho be le matla a khoheli a koalang likhokahano tsa relay, e leng se lumellang matla a motlakase hore a phalle maboneng a pele.

Ho fapana le li-switches, li-relay li lumella ho laola lipotoloho tse ngata ka sesebelisoa se le seng kapa module ea taolo.Li-relay li ka buloa (NO) kapa hangata li koetsoe (NC), 'me li ka sebelisoa bakeng sa mefuta e mengata ea lisebelisoa, joalo ka ho laola lenaka la koloi.

Li-relay li sebetsa ka ho sebelisa potoloho ea taolo ho theha matla a khoheli a hulang kapa a sutumetsang sete ea likhokahano tse tsamaisanang.Ha motlakase o phalla, o hula li-contact hammoho, ho lumella matla a motlakase ho phalla.Ha coil e felloa ke matla, matla a khoheli a oa, a lumella mabitso ho arohana le ho senya khokahanyo ea motlakase.

Ka kakaretso, li-relay ke likarolo tsa bohlokoa tsamaisong ea motlakase ea koloi, e lumellang ho laola lipotoloho tse ngata ka sesebelisoa se le seng kapa mojule oa taolo.

III.Mefuta ea li-relay tsa likoloi

Ho na le mefuta e 'maloa ea li-relay tsa likoloi tse sebelisoang hangata likoloing.Mona ke tse ling tsa mefuta e atileng haholo ea li-relay le mesebetsi ea tsona:

Ka tlwaelo open relay(NO): Mofuta ona wa relay o bulwa ha khoele e sa matlafale, mme o a kwala ha khoele e matlafatswa.Hangata e sebelisoa bakeng sa ho laola li-circuits tse phallang haholo, joalo ka mabone a koloi kapa lenaka.

Ka tloaelo relay e koetsoeng (NC): Mofuta ona oa relay oa koaloa ha khoele e sa matlafatsoe, 'me oa buleha ha khoele e matlafatsoa.E atisa ho sebelisoa bakeng sa ho laola lipotoloho tse tlaase tsa hona joale, tse kang tse fumanoang li-switches tse hōle kapa li-in-line switches.

Changeover relay: Mofuta ona oa relay o na le lihlopha tse peli tsa likhokahano 'me o ka sebelisoa ho chencha lipakeng tsa lipotoloho tse peli, ho kenyeletsoa ka tloaelo relay e bulehileng le e tloaelehileng e koetsoeng.Hangata e sebelisoa bakeng sa ho laola moea oa koloi oa koloi kapa li-fan motors.

Single Pole Double Throw (SPDT) relay: Mofuta ona oa relay o na le lebitso le le leng le atisang ho buloa le le leng le atisang ho koaloa.E sebelisoa hangata bakeng sa ho laola phallo ea matla lits'ebetsong tsa DC, joalo ka tse fumanehang ka har'a li-blower motors.

Micro relay: Mofuta ona oa relay ke mochine o monyenyane o sebelisoang hangata lifensetereng tse itekanetseng kapa mabone a thusang.

Mofuta o mong le o mong oa relay o sebetsa ka tsela e fapaneng mme o sebelisoa bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse fapaneng koloing.Ho utloisisa mefuta e fapaneng ea li-relay le mesebetsi ea tsona ho ka thusa ho hlahloba mathata ka sistimi ea motlakase ea koloi.

IV.Litaba tse tloaelehileng ka li-relay tsa likoloi

Joalo ka karolo efe kapa efe ea motlakase, li-relay tsa likoloi li ka hloleha kapa tsa ba le mathata.Lintlha tse ling tse tloaelehileng mabapi le li-relay tsa likoloi ke tsena:

Ho hloleha ha relay: Ha nako e ntse e ea, mabitso a li-relay tsa khefu a ka khathala kapa a senyeha, a baka ho hloleha.Relay e mpe e ka baka mathata a fapaneng, joalo ka potoloho e sa sebetseng, ts'ebetso ea nakoana, kapa esita le tšenyo ea likarolo tse ling tsa sistimi ea motlakase ea koloi.

Li-spikes tsa Voltage: Ha relay e tingoa, matla a khoheli a oa oa 'me a ka hlahisa sekhahla sa motlakase potolohong.Leqhubu lena la motlakase le ka senya likarolo tse ling tsa potoloho, joalo ka mojule oa taolo kapa coil ka boeona.

Joale, ho etsahala'ng ha relay e tsamaea hampe?Matšoao a ka fapana ho ea ka potoloho le ts'ebeliso e itseng, empa matšoao a mang a tloaelehileng a relay e mpe a kenyelletsa:

Potoloho e sa sebetseng: Haeba relay ea koloi e hloleha, potoloho eo e e laolang e ka emisa ho sebetsa ka ho felletseng.

Ts'ebetso ea nakoana: Relay e mpe e ka etsa hore potoloho e sebetse nako le nako kapa tlasa maemo a itseng feela.

Ho tobetsa molumo: Ha relay e matlafatsoa, ​​​​e lokela ho hlahisa molumo o utloahalang oa ho tobetsa.Haeba relay e hloleha, e ka hlahisa molumo oa ho penya e sa khaotse kapa che ho hang.hlahisa an

Likhokahano tse chesitsoeng kapa tse qhibilihisitsoeng: Maemong a feteletseng, relay e mpe e ka etsa hore mabitso a chese kapa a qhibilihe, e leng se lebisang ho senyeha ha likarolo tse ling tsa potoloho.

Tlhokomelo ea kamehla le tlhahlobo ea li-relays li ka thusa ho thibela mathata le ho li tšoara kapele.

V. Mokhoa oa ho hlahloba hore na ho na le relay e mpe ka koloing

Haeba u belaella hore relay koloing ea hau e fosahetse, ho na le mehato e 'maloa eo u ka e nkang ho hlahloba bothata:

Mamela ha u tobetsa:

Ha o bulela karolo e laoloang ke relay, joalo ka mabone a pele kapa air conditioning, mamela molumo o tobang o tsoang ho relay ea khefu.Molumo ona o bontša hore relay e ntse e matlafatsoa 'me e lokela ho sebetsa hantle.

Sheba fuse:

Pele u leka relay ka boeona, hlahloba fuse bakeng sa potoloho eo e e laolang.Fuse e fokang e ka baka matšoao a tšoanang le ho relay e mpe.

Fetolana ka relay e tsebahalang e ntle: 

Haeba u na le relay e 'ngoe koloing ea hau eo u tsebang hore e sebetsa hantle, e fetole le motho ea belaelloang.Haeba karolo e qala ho sebetsa hantle, o hlokometse hore relay e fosahetse.

Lekola ka multimeter:

Haeba u na le multimeter, u ka leka relay ka ho toba.Beha multimeter ho ohms setting ebe o ama li-probe ho li-contacts tsa relay.U lokela ho bona ho baloa ha zero ohms ha relay e matlafatsoa le ho hanyetsa ho sa feleng ha ho se joalo.

Ka ho latela mehato ena, o ka fumana hore na koloi ea hau e tsamaisana joang le eona 'me u nke mehato ea ho e khutlisa kapa ho reka relay e tšoanang pele e baka tšenyo e eketsehileng.

VI.Ke eng e etsang hore relay e hlolehe?

Li-relay li etselitsoe ho tšoarella le ho tšoarella nako e telele, empa li ntse li ka hloleha ha nako e ntse e ea.Mona ke tse ling tsa lisosa tse tloaelehileng tsa ho hloleha ha li-relay:

Lilemo:

Joalo ka likarolo tse ngata tsa mochini le tsa motlakase, li-relay tse ngata li tla fela ha nako e ntse e ea.Ha relay e sebelisoa haholo, ho ka etsahala hore e hlolehe.

Ho ba boemong ba mocheso o phahameng:

Hangata li-relay tsa likoloi li fumaneha ka kamoreng ea enjene, moo li ka pepesehelang mocheso o phahameng.Ha nako e ntse e ea, mocheso ona o ka etsa hore likarolo tsa relay li senyehe ebe li hlōleha.

Li-spikes tsa motlakase:

Li-spikes tsa motlakase, tse ka bang teng ha relay e buloa kapa e tima, e ka senya likhokahano tsa relay mme ea etsa hore e hlolehe.

Ho tlatselletsa:

Haeba relay e sebelisoa ho laola potoloho e hulang nako e ngata haholo, e ka chesa le ho hlōleha.

Kenyelletso e fosahetseng:

Haeba relay e sa kenngoa ka nepo, e ka senyeha kapa ea hlōleha ho sebetsa hantle.

Ho thibela ho hloleha ha relay, ho bohlokoa ho latela malebela ana:

Sebelisali-relay tsa boleng bo holimo:

Ho khetha relay ea boleng bo holimo ho ka thusa ho netefatsa hore e tla tšoarella nako e telele le ho sebetsa hantle.

Boloka li-relay li pholile: 

Nako le nako ha ho khoneha, li-relays sebakeng seo li ke keng tsa pepesehela mocheso o fokolang.

Sebelisa li-relay tse loketseng bakeng sa potoloho:

Etsa bonnete ba hore u khetha relay e nang le lintlha tse phahameng tse lekaneng ho sebetsana le potoloho eo e tla e laola.

Latela mekhoa e nepahetseng ea ho kenya: 

Etsa bonnete ba hore u latela litaelo tsa moetsi ha u kenya relay ho qoba ho e senya.

Ka ho latela malebela ana, o ka thusa ho thibela ho hloleha ha li-relay le ho netefatsa hore sistimi ea motlakase ea koloi ea hau e sebetsa hantle lilemo tse tlang.

VII.Qetello

Qetellong, li-relay tsa likoloi li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa likoloing.Li sebetsa e le li-switches tse laolang maemo a matla le ho sebelisa likarolo tse fapaneng tsa koloi, joalo ka mabone a pele, li-mothara tsa blower le moea o futhumatsang moea.

Re buisane ka mefuta e fapaneng ea li-relay tsa likoloi, ho kenyelletsa le li-relay tse tloaelehileng tse bulehileng, hangata li-relay tse koetsoeng, li-relay tsa phetoho, le li-relay tse nyane.Re boetse re hlakisitse litaba tse tloaelehileng tse ka hlahang ka li-relay, joalo ka li-voltage spikes le ho hloleha, mme re fane ka malebela a ho hlahloba le ho thibela litaba tsena.

Ho ithuta haholoanyane ka li-relay tsa likoloi, babali ba ka bua ka lisebelisoa tse kang li-database tsa moetsi kapa ba buisane le setsebi se tšepahalang sa likoloi.Ho bohlokoa ho ba le kutloisiso ea mantlha ea li-relay tsa likoloi ho netefatsa polokeho le ts'epahalo ea sistimi ea motlakase ea koloi ea hau.