Muxuu ku sameeyaa baabuurka?

I. Hordhac

Gudbinta baabuurtawaa qayb muhiim ah oo ka mid ah nidaamka korontada ee baabuurka.Waxay u dhaqmaan sidii furayaasha koontaroolaya socodka awoodda korontada ee qaybaha kala duwan ee baabuurka, sida nalalka, qaboojiyaha, iyo hoonka.Gudbinta baabuurta ayaa mas'uul ka ah xakamaynta heerarka korantada, hagidda qulqulka korontada, iyo fulinta hawlaha macquulka ah ee ka dhigaya baabuurka si habsami leh u socdo.Maqaalkan, waxaanu ku siin doonaa dulmar ku saabsan waxa relaysku ku sameeyo baabuurka, noocyada kala duwan ee relaysyada, iyo sida loo ogaado arrimaha caadiga ah ee gudbinta baabuurta.Dhamaadka maqaalkan, waxaad si fiican u fahmi doontaa muhiimada gudbinta baabuurta ee nidaamka korontada ee baabuurka.

II.Muxuu ku sameeyaa baabuurka?

Relaysku waxa ay door muhiim ah ka ciyaaraan nidaamka korantada ee baabuurka, gaar ahaan marka ay timaado xakamaynta wareegyada socodka socodka sare ee hadda.Waxay u dhaqmaan sida furayaasha korantada, iyaga oo u oggolaanaya wareegyada hadda hooseeya inay xakameeyaan wareegyada socodka sare ee hadda jira si ay u xoojiyaan qaybaha kala duwan ee baabuurka.Tusaale ahaan, marka aad shido daarankaaga horudhaca, wareegga hadda hooseeya ayaa tamar gelinaya gariiradda gudbinta, kaas oo abuura goob birlab ah oo xirta xiriirada gudbinta, taasoo u oggolaanaysa in korontadu ay ku socoto nalalka hore.

Si ka duwan furayaasha, relaysku waxay u oggolaanayaan xakamaynta wareegyada badan oo leh hal shid ama module kontorool.Relays-ku wuxuu noqon karaa mid si caadi ah u furan (MAYA) ama caadi ahaan xidhan (NC), waxaana loo isticmaali karaa codsiyo kala duwan, sida xakamaynta hoonka baabuurka.

Relaysku waxay ku shaqeeyaan iyagoo isticmaalaya wareegga koontaroolka si ay u abuuraan goob birlabeed ah oo jiidaya ama riixaysa xiriirrada gudbinta.Marka uu hadda socdo, wuxuu isku jiidayaa xiriirada, taas oo u oggolaanaysa korontadu inay socoto.Marka gariiradda tamarta laga saaro, goobta birlabku waa dumaa, taasoo u oggolaanaysa xiriiriyeyaasha inay kala tagaan oo ay jebiyaan xiriirka korontada.

Guud ahaan, relaysyadu waa qaybo muhiim ah oo ka mid ah nidaamka korantada ee baabuurka, taas oo u oggolaanaysa in la xakameeyo wareegyada badan oo leh hal beddel ama qayb kontorool.

III.Noocyada gudbinta baabuurta

Waxaa jira dhowr nooc oo ah gudbinta baabuurta oo inta badan lagu isticmaalo baabuurta.Waa kuwan qaar ka mid ah noocyada ugu caansan ee relays-ka iyo hawlahooda:

Caadi ahaan fur-furan (MAYA): gudbinta noocaan ah waxay furan tahay marka gariiradda aan tamar la gelin, oo la xidho marka gariiradda tamar la yeesho.Waxaa caadi ahaan loo isticmaalaa in lagu xakameeyo wareegyada socodka socodka sare ee hadda jira, sida nalka hore ee baabuurka ama geeskiisa.

Relay-ga caadiga ah ee xidhan (NC): Relay-ga noocaan ah waxa la xidhaa marka gariiradda aan tamar la siin, oo furan marka gariiradda tamar laga helo.Waxaa caadi ahaan loo isticmaalaa in lagu xakameeyo wareegyada socodka hooseeya ee hadda jira, sida kuwa laga helo furayaasha fog ama furayaasha khadka.

Beddelka wareejinta: Nooca gudbinta ahi waxa uu leeyahay laba qaybood oo xidhiidh ah waxaana loo isticmaali karaa in lagu kala beddelo laba wareeg, oo ay ku jiraan gudbinta caadiga ah ee furan iyo gudbinta caadiga ah ee xidhan.Waxaa caadi ahaan loo isticmaalaa in lagu xakameeyo qaboojiyaha gaariga ama matoorada marawaxada.

Hal cidhif oo labajibbaaran oo Tuur ah (SPDT): gudbinta noocaan ah waxay leedahay mid caadiyan furan iyo mid caadiyan xidhan.Waxaa caadi ahaan loo isticmaalaa in lagu xakameeyo socodka korontada ee nidaamyada DC, sida kuwa laga helo matoorada wax-afuufiyaasha.

Relay MicroRelay-ga noocaan ah waa gudbin yar oo inta badan lagu isticmaalo daaqadaha otomaatiga ah ama nalalka caawiya.

Nooc kasta oo ka mid ah gudbinta si kala duwan ayuu u shaqeeyaa waxaana loo isticmaalaa codsiyada kala duwan ee gaadhiga.Fahamka noocyada kala duwan ee relaysyada iyo hawlahooda ayaa kaa caawin kara in la ogaado arrimaha nidaamka korontada ee baabuurka.

IV.Arrimaha caadiga ah ee ku saabsan gudbinta baabuurta

Sida qayb kasta oo koronto ah, gudbinta baabuurta ayaa fashilmi karta ama waxay la kulmi karaan arrimo.Waa kuwan qaar ka mid ah arrimaha caadiga ah ee ku saabsan gudbinta baabuurta:

Fashilka Relay: Waqti ka dib, xiriirada ku jira relays-ka nasashada ayaa dami kara ama dhaawacmi kara, taasoo horseedda guuldarro.Gudbinta xun waxay sababi kartaa arrimo kala duwan, sida wareeg aan shaqaynayn, hawlgal joogto ah, ama xataa waxyeelo soo gaadho qaybaha kale ee nidaamka korontada ee baabuurka.

Kor-u-qaadista korantada: Marka relay-gu damo, goobta birlabku waa dumaa oo waxay dhalin kartaa koronta wareegga wareegga.Korontadu waxay dhaawici kartaa qaybaha kale ee wareegga, sida moduleka kantaroolka ama gariiradda gudbinta lafteeda.

Haddaba, maxaa dhacaya marka gudbintu xumaato?Calaamaduhu way kala duwanaan karaan iyadoo ku xiran wareegga gaarka ah iyo codsiga, laakiin qaar ka mid ah calaamadaha caadiga ah ee gudbinta xun waxaa ka mid ah:

Wareega aan shaqaynayn: Haddii gudbinta gaadhigu fashilanto, wareegtada ay maamusho waxa laga yaabaa inay gebi ahaanba joojiso shaqaynteeda.

Hawlgalka kala go'a: Gudbinta xun waxay keeni kartaa in wareeggu si goos-goos ah u shaqeeyo ama kaliya xaaladaha qaarkood.

Riixista codka: Marka gudbinta tamar la geliyo, waa in ay soo saartaa dhawaaq la maqli karo.Haddii gudbintu guuldarraysato, waxa laga yaabaa inay soo saarto dhawaaq riixaya si joogto ah ama innaba.soo saaro ah

Xidhiidhada gubtay ama dhalaalay: Xaaladaha aadka u daran, gudbinta xun waxay keeni kartaa in xidhiidhyadu gubaan ama dhalaalaan, taas oo keenta waxyeelo soo gaadho qaybaha kale ee wareegga.

Dayactirka joogtada ah iyo kormeerka gudbinta waxay kaa caawin kartaa ka hortagga arrimaha oo ay hore u qabtaan.

V. Sida loo ogaado gudbinta xun ee gaariga

Haddii aad ka shakisan tahay in gudbinta baabuurkaaga ay xun tahay, waxaa jira dhowr tillaabo oo aad qaadi karto si aad u ogaato arrinta:

Dhageyso gujinta:

Marka aad shido qaybta ay maamusho relay-ga, sida nalka hore ama qaboojiyaha, dhagayso codka riixaya ee ka imanaya gudbinta jebinta.Dhawaqani waxa uu tilmaamayaa in gudbinta la tamarinayo oo ay tahay in uu si fiican u shaqeeyo.

Hubi fiyuuska:

Kahor intaadan tijaabin gudbinta lafteeda, hubi fiyuuska wareegga ay maamusho.Fiyuuska la afuufay wuxuu keeni karaa calaamado la mid ah gudbinta xun.

Ku beddel is-dhaafsi wanaagsan oo la yaqaan: 

Haddii aad leedahay gudbin kale oo baabuurkaaga ah oo aad ogtahay inuu si sax ah u shaqeynayo, ku baddal gudbinta tuhmanaha.Haddii qaybtu ay si habboon u shaqeyso, waxaad aqoonsatay gudbinta khaldan.

Ku tijaabi multimeter:

Haddii aad haysato multimeter, waxaad si toos ah u tijaabin kartaa gudbinta.U deji multimeter-ka goobta ohms oo taabo baarayaasha xiriirada gudbinta.Waa inaad aragto akhrinta eber ohms marka gudbintu tamar leedahay iyo iska caabin aan xad lahayn marka aysan ahayn.

Markaad raacdo tillaabooyinkan, waxaad ogaan kartaa gudbinta xun ee gaarigaaga waxaadna qaadi kartaa tillaabooyin aad ku beddesho ama aad iibsato isla gadaashii kahor intaysan dhaawac kale geysan.

VI.Maxaa sababa in gudbintu fashilanto?

Relays waxaa loogu talagalay inay ahaato mid waara oo waara, laakiin wali way fashilmi karaan wakhti ka dib.Waa kuwan qaar ka mid ah sababaha caadiga ah ee fashilka gudbinta:

Da'da:

Sida qaybaha makaanikada iyo korantada intooda badan, relaysyo badan ayaa ugu dambayntii dami doona muddo ka dib.Mar kasta oo la isticmaalo gudbinta, way u badan tahay inay fashilanto.

Soo-gaadhista heerkulka sare:

Gawaarida gawaarida waxay inta badan ku yaalaan qaybta matoorka, halkaas oo ay ku dhici karaan heerkul sare.Waqti ka dib, kulaylkani wuxuu sababi karaa in qaybaha gudbintu ay burburaan oo ay fashilmaan.

Kor u kaca korantada:

Xadhkaha korantada, oo iman kara marka la damiyo ama dami karo, waxa ay dhaawici kartaa xidhiidhada gudbinta oo sababi karta in uu guul-darraysto.

rarka xad dhaafka ah:

Haddii relay loo isticmaalo in lagu xakameeyo wareegtada soo jiidata hadda aad u badan, way kululaan kartaa waana fashilmi kartaa.

Rakibaadda liidata:

Haddi aan si sax ah loo rakibin relay-ga, way dhaawacmi kartaa ama way ku fashilmi kartaa inay si sax ah u shaqeyso.

Si looga hortago guuldarada isdhaafsiga, waa muhiim inaad raacdo talooyinkan:

IsticmaalRelays oo tayo sare leh:

Doorashada gudbinta tayada sare leh waxay kaa caawin kartaa in la hubiyo in uu sii dheeraado oo uu si sax ah u shaqeeyo.

Iska ilaali soo gudbinta mid qabow: 

Mar kasta oo ay suurtogal tahay, ku dheji relay-ga meel ay kulayl yar gaadhi doonaan.

U isticmaal relays ku habboon wareegga:

Hubi in aad dooratid gudbinta leh qiimaynta hadda jirta ee ku filan si ay u maamusho wareegga ay xakamaynayso.

Raac nidaamka rakibidda habboon: 

Hubi inaad raacdo tilmaamaha soo-saaraha marka aad rakibayso relay-ga si aad uga fogaato waxyeelo.

Markaad raacdo talooyinkan, waxaad kaa caawin kartaa inaad ka hortagto fashilka gudbinta oo aad hubiso in nidaamka korantada baabuurkaaga uu si sax ah u shaqeeyo sanadaha soo socda.

VII.Gabagabo

Gebogebadii, gudbinta baabuurta ayaa door muhiim ah ka ciyaarta baabuurta.Waxay u adeegaan sidii furayaasha koontaroolaya heerarka korantada waxayna ku shaqeeyaan qaybaha kala duwan ee gaariga, sida nalalka hore, matoorada wax-afuufta, iyo qaboojiyaha.

Waxaan ka hadalnay noocyada kala duwan ee gudbinta baabuurta, oo ay ku jiraan gudbinta caadiga ah ee furan, gudbinta caadiga ah ee xiran, gudbinta beddelka, iyo gudbinta yaryar.Waxa kale oo aanu iftiiminay arrimaha caadiga ah ee ka dhalan kara dib-u-dhigis, sida korontada iyo fashilka, waxaana aanu bixinay talooyin ku saabsan ogaanshaha iyo ka hortagga arrimahan.

Si aad wax badan uga barato gudbinta baabuurta, akhristayaasha waxay tixraaci karaan agabka sida xaashiyaha xogta soo saaraha ama la tashanaya farsamayaqaan baabuurta lagu kalsoon yahay.Waa muhiim in la yeesho faham aasaasi ah oo ku saabsan gudbinta baabuurta si loo hubiyo badbaadada iyo isku halaynta nidaamka korontada ee baabuurkaaga.