I. Intangiriro
A. Ibisobanuro
Icyerekezo ni amashanyarazi agenzurwa nundi muyoboro w'amashanyarazi. Igizwe na coil ikora umurima wa magneti hamwe nuruhererekane rwimibonano ifungura kandi ifunga mugusubiza umurima wa magneti. Imirasire ikoreshwa mugucunga imashanyarazi irimo amashanyarazi menshi cyangwa voltage, cyangwa aho sisitemu nyinshi zigomba kugenzurwa kuva isoko imwe.
B. Akamaro ka rezo
Icyerekezo nikintu cyingenzi cya sisitemu nyinshi zamashanyarazi. Zitanga uburyo bwizewe kandi bunoze bwo kugenzura imiyoboro ihanitse cyangwa voltage, kandi bemera kugenzura sisitemu nyinshi ziva kumasoko imwe. Imikoreshereze ikoreshwa muburyo butandukanye bwa porogaramu, harimo mu binyabiziga, imashini zikoreshwa mu nganda, n'ibikoresho byo mu rugo.
C. Intego y'ingingo
Intego yiyi ngingo ni ugutanga incamake yukuntu rela ikora no gusobanura uburyo bwo gupima niba relay ikora cyangwa idakora. Bizatanga kandi inama zijyanye no gukemura ibibazo relay itari yo no kuyisimbuza nibiba ngombwa. Mu gusoza iyi ngingo, abasomyi bagomba kumva neza uburyo rela ikora nuburyo bwo gukemura ibibazo rusange byerekanwa.
II. Uburyo Gusubiramo Akazi
A.Ibice byerekana
Ibyerekanwe bigizwe nibice byinshi byingenzi. Harimo igiceri cyo kugenzura, imikoranire, hamwe nuruzitiro. Igiceri cyo kugenzura mubisanzwe ni insinga ikora insinga ya rukuruzi iyo amashanyarazi ayanyuzemo. Guhuza ni amashanyarazi yafunguye kandi agafunga asubiza umurima wa magneti. Uruzitiro nigikoresho cyo gukingira kibamo ibice bya relay.
B. Uburyo Imirongo Ihinduranya Amashanyarazi
Iyo imiyoboro inyuze muri coil igenzura, ikora umurima wa rukuruzi ukurura imikoranire hamwe cyangwa ukabasunika. Uru rugendo rwitumanaho nicyo gifungura cyangwa gifunga uruziga rw'amashanyarazi relay igenzura. Ubusanzwe ikoreshwa rikoreshwa mugucunga imiyoboro ihanitse cyangwa voltage, nkibisangwa mumodoka cyangwa imashini zinganda.
C. Ubwoko bwa relay
Imirongo ije muburyo butandukanye, buri cyashizweho kubikorwa byihariye. Hano hari bumwe muburyo busanzwe bwa relay:
1. Imashanyarazi
Ibyuma bya elegitoroniki ni ubwoko busanzwe bwa relay. Bakora bakoresheje electromagnet kugirango bakore switch, hanyuma ikingura cyangwa izimya uruziga. Imashanyarazi ya elegitoroniki irashobora gukoresha ingufu nyinshi na voltage, bigatuma biba byiza mubikorwa byinganda, nkibinyabiziga bitanga mumasanduku ya fuse, intego rusange
2. Igihugu gikomeye
Icyerekezo gikomeye cya leta (SSRs) nuburyo bwa elegitoronike bukoresha ibyuma bisimburana aho gukoresha imashini. Bizewe cyane kandi bafite igihe kirekire kuruta amashanyarazi ya electronique, bigatuma bikenerwa mubisabwa bisaba kwizerwa cyane.
3. Urubingo
Urubingo rwurubingo rukoresha umurongo wa magneti kugirango ukore switch. Nibito kandi bifite umuvuduko wo guhinduranya byihuse kuruta amashanyarazi ya electronique, bigatuma biba byiza kubisabwa hamwe ninshuro nyinshi zo guhinduranya.
4. Diode
Imiyoboro ya Diode ikoreshwa mukurinda ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki byoroshye biturutse kuri voltage ishobora kubaho mugihe relay yazimye. Zikoreshwa kandi mubikoresho byimodoka kugirango birinde kwangirika kwa elegitoroniki yimodoka.
5. Ibyerekezo byinshi
Imirasire ya polarize ikoresha magnetique kugirango ikore switch, ariko bisaba polarite yihariye kugirango ikore. Bikunze gukoreshwa mubikoresho byimodoka, nko guhumeka no guhanagura ikirahure.
6. Ikirangantego
Gufata ibyuma bifashisha gukoresha impiswi ntoya kugirango ikore switch, hanyuma igafunga ahantu kugeza igihe indi pulse yumuyaga ikoreshwa. Bikunze gukoreshwa mubisabwa bisaba gukoresha ingufu nke.
7. Gutinda Igihe
Gutinda kwigihe gukoreshwa bikoreshwa mugutinda guhinduranya uruziga mugihe runaka. Bikunze gukoreshwa mubisabwa bisaba gutinda mbere yo gufungura cyangwa kuzimya uruziga.
8. Amashanyarazi
Ubushyuhe bwo gukoresha ubushyuhe bukoresha ubushyuhe nkuburyo bukurura. Bakunze gukoreshwa kugirango barinde moteri gushyuha.
Mugusoza, gusobanukirwa ubwoko butandukanye bwibisobanuro birashobora kugufasha guhitamo icyerekezo gikwiye kubisabwa byihariye. Ni ngombwa guhitamo ubwoko bwukuri bwa relay kugirango umenye neza ko buzakora neza kandi bwizewe mumuzunguruko wawe. Kumenya imbaraga nimbibi za buri bwoko bwa relay, urashobora gufata icyemezo kibimenyeshejwe muguhitamo relay kumushinga wawe.
III. Ibimenyetso byerekana Ikosa
A. Kanda
Kimwe mu bimenyetso bikunze kugaragara kuri relay itari yo ni ugukanda amajwi ikora iyo ifunguye cyangwa yazimye. Ariko, niba gukanda amajwi bidahuye cyangwa ntamajwi namba, noneho birashobora kwerekana relay itariyo.
B. Ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi ntibikora
Ikindi kimenyetso cyerekana relay idakwiye ni mugihe ibice byamashanyarazi relay igenzura, nkibikoresho byohanagura ikirahure cyangwa icyuma gikonjesha, guhagarika gukora burundu. Ibi birashobora kwerekana ko relay yananiwe guhindura amashanyarazi kumuriro cyangwa kuzimya, kubuza ibice byamashanyarazi kwakira ingufu.
C. Imyuka yaka cyangwa iturika
Niba relay yashizwe mubidukikije bifite imyuka yaka cyangwa iturika, kwerekanwa nabi birashobora gutuma iyo myuka yaka, bigatera impungenge zikomeye z'umutekano. Niyo mpamvu, ni ngombwa kugenzura buri gihe ibyerekanwa muri ubu bwoko bwibidukikije kugirango tumenye ko bikora neza.
D. Kwiyongera kw'imbaraga
Imirasire yashizweho kugirango irinde ingufu z'amashanyarazi n'ibindi bidasanzwe by'amashanyarazi. Ariko, kwerekanwa nabi birashobora kunanirwa kubikora, bikaviramo kwangirika kwamashanyarazi cyangwa sisitemu igamije kurinda.
E. Inzira ngufi
Icyerekezo kidakwiriye kirashobora gutera uruziga rugufi, rushobora kwangiza sisitemu yo gukoresha insinga cyangwa no gutangira umuriro. Ni ngombwa kugenzura buri gihe ibimenyetso byerekana ibyangiritse cyangwa kwambara, no kubisimbuza mugihe hagaragaye ibibazo.
Kumenya ibi bimenyetso, urashobora kumenya byoroshye niba relay ikora neza cyangwa niba ikeneye gusimburwa kugirango wirinde kwangirika cyangwa guhungabanya umutekano.
IV. Kugerageza Ikiruhuko
A. Intambwe zo Kugerageza
Kugerageza relay ni inzira yoroshye ishobora gukorwa ndetse nabakanishi b'abakunzi. Dore intambwe zo kugerageza relay:
Kuraho relay kuri electronics yikinyabiziga.
Reba igishushanyo cya wiring kugirango umenye coil ya relay hanyuma uhindure pin.
Gupima agaciro ko guhangana na relay yo kugenzura coil hamwe na multimeter. Icyerekezo gikora kigomba kwerekana agaciro kokurwanya murwego rwerekanwe mubitabo bya nyirabyo cyangwa igitabo cya serivisi. imfashanyigisho ya serivisi.
Reba agaciro kokurwanya kwimikorere ya relay hamwe na multimeter. Agaciro ko guhangana kagomba kuba kutagira umupaka mugihe relay iba idafite ingufu na zeru iyo ifite ingufu.
Gerageza guhuza relay guhuza kugirango ukomeze ukoresheje uburyo bwa multimeter bwo gukomeza.
B. Kwipimisha hamwe na Multimeter
Multimeter nigikoresho cyingirakamaro mugupima relay. Dore uburyo bwo kugerageza relay hamwe na multimeter:
Shiraho multimeter kugirango upime voltage ya DC.
Huza multimeter nziza iganisha kumurongo wo kugenzura coil.
Huza multimeter mbi iganisha kuri bateri mbi.
Gupima ingufu za batiri.
Ongera relay ukoresheje imbaraga kuri coil igenzura ukoresheje insinga isimbuka.
Gupima voltage kuri terefone ya relay. Umuvuduko ugomba kuba hafi ya voltage ya bateri niba relay ikora neza.
C. Kwipimisha hamwe ninsinga zisimbuka
Ubundi buryo bwo kugerageza relay nukoresha insinga zisimbuka. Dore uko:
Kuraho relay kuri electronics yikinyabiziga.
Huza umugozi usimbuka uva muri terefone nziza ya bateri na terefone igenzura.
Huza urundi rwuma rusimbuka ruva muri terefone mbi ya bateri kugeza kubutaka bwa relay.
Umva gukanda amajwi ya relay, byerekana ko ikora.
Koresha itara ryikizamini kugirango urebe imbaraga kuri pine ya relay.
Ukurikije ubu buryo bwo kwipimisha, urashobora kumenya niba relay ikora neza cyangwa igomba gusimburwa.
V. Gukemura ikibazo cya Relay Ikosa
A. Kumenya Ikibazo
Niba ukeka ko ufite relay itariyo, intambwe yambere nukumenya ikibazo. Reba ibimenyetso byerekana relay itariyo, nko gukanda amajwi cyangwa ibice by'amashanyarazi bidakora. Urashobora kandi gukoresha insinga za multimeter cyangwa gusimbuka kugirango ugerageze relay.
B. Kubona Icyerekezo Cyukuri
Umaze kumenya relay itariyo, ugomba gushaka umusimbura wukuri. Reba igitabo cya nyiracyo cyangwa igitabo cya serivisi kubinyabiziga byawe cyangwa sisitemu y'amashanyarazi kugirango ubone icyerekezo gikwiye. Witondere kubona ubwoko nubunini bwa relay kubisabwa. igitabo cya serivisi kubinyabiziga byawe cyangwa sisitemu y'amashanyarazi kugirango ubone
C. Igishushanyo
Reba igishushanyo mbonera cy'imodoka yawe cyangwa sisitemu y'amashanyarazi kugirango umenye aho relay idakwiriye nuburyo ikozwe. Ibi bizagufasha gukuraho no gusimbuza relay neza.
D. Gusimbuza Ikosa ritari ryo
Kugirango usimbuze relay itariyo, ubanza, menya neza ko sisitemu idafite ingufu. Noneho, kura relay ishaje hanyuma uyisimbuze iyindi nshya. Witondere guhuza relay nshya neza, ukurikize igishushanyo. Gerageza relay nshya kugirango urebe ko ikora neza.
VI. Umwanzuro
A. Gusubiramo ingingo z'ingenzi
Muri iki kiganiro, twasuzumye ibyingenzi byerekana, uko bikora, nuburyo bwo kumenya niba relay ikora neza. Twaganiriye kandi ku bimenyetso byerekana kwerekanwa nabi, uburyo bwo kugerageza no gukemura ikibazo cya relay, nuburyo bwo gusimbuza ikosa ritari ryo.
B. Akamaro ko Kubungabunga bisanzwe
Ni ngombwa gukora buri gihe imodoka yawe cyangwa sisitemu y'amashanyarazi kugirango wirinde gutsindwa. Ibi bikubiyemo kugenzura sisitemu yo gukoresha, kugenzura agasanduku ka fuse, no kugerageza ibyerekezo buri gihe. Kubungabunga buri gihe birashobora kugufasha kumenya ibibazo bishobora kuba mbere yuko biba ibibazo bikomeye.
C.Ibitekerezo byanyuma
Mu gusoza, ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa imikorere nigikorwa gikwiye cya sisitemu muri sisitemu iyariyo yose. Ubushobozi bwo kumenya no gusuzuma imiyoboro idakwiye burashobora kubika umwanya, amafaranga, ndetse no gukumira ibihe bibi. Mugihe cyo kubungabunga no kugerageza buri gihe ibyerekezo byawe, urashobora kwemeza umutekano nubwizerwe bwimodoka yawe cyangwa ibindi bikoresho byamashanyarazi. Hamwe nubufasha bwiyi ngingo, ubu urumva neza uburyo bwo kugerageza, gukemura ibibazo, no gusimbuza amakosa yibeshya. Wibuke guhora ubaza igitabo cya nyiracyo, igitabo cya serivisi, n'amategeko yaho mbere yo kugerageza akazi k'amashanyarazi wenyine. Gumana umutekano kandi ukomeze sisitemu y'amashanyarazi ikore neza. imfashanyigisho ya serivisi, n'amategeko yaho.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-15-2023