Kodi relay imachita chiyani m'galimoto?

I. Chiyambi

Kupatsirana kwamagalimotondi gawo lofunikira lamagetsi agalimoto. Amagwira ntchito ngati masiwichi omwe amawongolera kuyenda kwa mphamvu yamagetsi kupita kumadera osiyanasiyana agalimoto, monga magetsi, zoziziritsira mpweya, ndi nyanga. Relay yamagalimoto imayang'anira kuchuluka kwa mphamvu, kuwongolera mafunde amagetsi, ndikuchita zinthu zomveka zomwe zimapangitsa kuti galimoto iziyenda bwino. M'nkhaniyi, tipereka chithunzithunzi cha zomwe ma relay amachita m'galimoto, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma relay, komanso momwe mungadziwire zovuta zomwe zimachitika pagalimoto yamagalimoto. Pamapeto pa nkhaniyi, mudzakhala mukumvetsa bwino kufunika kwa magalimoto otumizirana makiyi mumagetsi a galimoto.

II. Kodi relay imachita chiyani m'galimoto?

Ma relay amatenga gawo lofunikira kwambiri pamakina amagetsi agalimoto, makamaka ikafika pakuwongolera mabwalo apamwamba apano. Amakhala ngati ma switch amagetsi, kulola mabwalo otsika apano kuti aziwongolera mabwalo othamanga kwambiri kuti athe kuwongolera mbali zosiyanasiyana zagalimoto. Mwachitsanzo, mukamayatsa chosinthira cha nyali yanu, kagawo kakang'ono kamene kamapangitsa kuti koyilo ya relay ikhale yopatsa mphamvu, yomwe imapanga mphamvu ya maginito yomwe imatseka zolumikizirana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magetsi aziyenda kupita ku nyali zakutsogolo.

Mosiyana ndi ma switch, ma relay amalola kuwongolera mabwalo angapo ndi chosinthira chimodzi kapena gawo lowongolera. Ma relay amatha kukhala otseguka (NO) kapena otsekedwa (NC), ndipo amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, monga kuwongolera nyanga yagalimoto.

Ma relay amagwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito dera lowongolera kuti apange mphamvu ya maginito yomwe imakoka kapena kukankhira magulu olumikizirana. Pamene panopa ikuyenda, imakoka ogwirizanitsa pamodzi, kulola mphamvu yamagetsi kuyenda. Koyiloyo ikatha mphamvu, mphamvu ya maginito imagwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti olumikizanawo alekanitse ndikuphwanya kulumikizana kwamagetsi.

Ponseponse, ma relay ndi zigawo zofunika kwambiri pamagetsi agalimoto, zomwe zimalola kuwongolera mabwalo angapo ndi switch imodzi kapena gawo lowongolera.

III. Mitundu ya ma relay amagalimoto

Pali mitundu ingapo yamagalimoto omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamagalimoto. Nayi mitundu yodziwika bwino ya ma relay ndi ntchito zake:

Nthawi zambiri open relay(NO): Relay yamtundu uwu imatsegulidwa pomwe koyiloyo ilibe mphamvu, ndipo imatsekedwa pomwe koyiloyo yapatsidwa mphamvu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyang'anira maulendo othamanga kwambiri, monga nyali zamoto kapena horn.

Nthawi zambiri relay yotsekedwa (NC): Relay yamtundu uwu imatsekedwa pamene koyiloyo ilibe mphamvu, ndipo imatsegulidwa pamene koyiloyo yapatsidwa mphamvu. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri poyang'anira maulendo otsika omwe akuyenda, monga omwe amapezeka pamasinthidwe akutali kapena masiwichi apakati.

Changeover relay: Mtundu uwu wa relay uli ndi ma seti awiri olumikizirana ndipo ungagwiritsidwe ntchito kusinthana pakati pa mabwalo awiri, kuphatikiza ma relay omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala otseguka komanso otsekera nthawi zambiri. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito powongolera mpweya wagalimoto kapena ma fan motor.

Single Pole Double Throw (SPDT) relay: Mtundu uwu wa relay umakhala ndi kulumikizidwa kumodzi komwe nthawi zambiri kumakhala kotsegula komanso kumodzi komwe kumatsekedwa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri kuwongolera kayendedwe ka magetsi mumakina a DC, monga omwe amapezeka m'magalimoto owombera.

Micro relay: Mtundu uwu wa relay ndi relay yaying'ono yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mawindo odziimira kapena nyali zothandizira.

Mtundu uliwonse wa relay umagwira ntchito mosiyana ndipo umagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana m'galimoto. Kumvetsetsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma relay ndi ntchito zake kungathandize kuzindikira zovuta ndi makina amagetsi agalimoto.

IV. Mavuto omwe amapezeka ndi ma relay amagalimoto

Monga gawo lililonse lamagetsi, ma relay amagalimoto amatha kulephera kapena kukumana ndi zovuta. Nazi zina zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri ndi ma relay amagalimoto:

Kulephera kwa Relay: Pakapita nthawi, zolumikizana zomwe zili mu break relay zimatha kutha kapena kuwonongeka, zomwe zimabweretsa kulephera. Kutumiza koyipa kumatha kuyambitsa zovuta zosiyanasiyana, monga kusagwira ntchito mozungulira, kuphatikizika kwapakatikati, kapena kuwonongeka kwa zida zina zamagalimoto agalimoto.

Ma spikes a Voltage: Relay ikazimitsidwa, mphamvu ya maginito imagwa ndipo imatha kutulutsa mphamvu yamagetsi pozungulira. Kukwera kwamagetsi kumeneku kumatha kuwononga zida zina zomwe zimazungulira, monga gawo lowongolera kapena koyilo yopatsirana yokha.

Ndiye, chimachitika ndi chiyani ngati relay yawonongeka? Zizindikiro zimatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera dera komanso kugwiritsa ntchito kwake, koma zizindikilo zina zodziwika bwino zopatsirana zoyipa ndi monga:

Dera losagwira ntchito: Ngati cholumikizira chagalimoto chikalephera, dera lomwe limayang'anira limatha kusiya kugwira ntchito palimodzi.

Kugwira ntchito kwakanthawi: Kuwongolera koyipa kumatha kupangitsa kuti dera ligwire ntchito mwa apo ndi apo kapena pamikhalidwe ina.

Kugogoda phokoso: Pamene cholozera chikapatsidwa mphamvu, chiyenera kutulutsa mawu omveka. Ngati relay ikulephera, imatha kutulutsa mawu akudina mosalekeza kapena ayi. kupanga a

Kuwotcha kapena kusungunuka: Muzochitika zovuta kwambiri, kutumizirana koyipa kungapangitse kuti zolumikizanazo ziwotche kapena kusungunuka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kwa zigawo zina zadera.

Kusamalira nthawi zonse komanso kuyang'anira zolumikizirana kungathandize kupewa zovuta ndikuzipeza msanga.

V. Momwe mungadziwire cholakwika chopatsirana m'galimoto

Ngati mukuganiza kuti kutumizirana zinthu m'galimoto yanu ndi koyipa, pali njira zingapo zomwe mungatsatire kuti muzindikire vutoli:

Mvetserani podina:

Mukayatsa gawo lomwe limayendetsedwa ndi relay, monga nyali zakutsogolo kapena ma air conditioning, mverani phokoso lokhalokha lochokera ku relay yopuma. Phokosoli likuwonetsa kuti relay ili ndi mphamvu ndipo iyenera kugwira ntchito moyenera.

Onani fuse:

Musanayesere relay yokha, yang'anani fuse ya dera lomwe limayendetsa. Fuse yowombedwa imatha kuyambitsa zizindikiro zofananira ndi ma relay oyipa.

Sinthani ndi kutumizirana kwina kodziwika bwino: 

Ngati muli ndi kutumizirana kwina m'galimoto yanu yomwe mukudziwa kuti ikugwira ntchito bwino, sinthanani ndi wokayikirayo. Ngati chigawocho chikayamba kugwira ntchito bwino, mwazindikira cholumikizira cholakwika.

Yesani ndi multimeter:

Ngati muli ndi multimeter, mukhoza kuyesa relay mwachindunji. Khazikitsani ma multimeter ku ma ohms ndikukhudza ma probe omwe amalumikizana nawo. Muyenera kuwona kuwerengedwa kwa zero ohms pomwe kutumizirana kumalimbikitsidwa komanso kukana kopanda malire pomwe sikuli.

Potsatira izi, mutha kuzindikira kuti galimoto yanu ili ndi vuto lopatsirana komanso kuchitapo kanthu kuti musinthe kapena kugulanso ma relay omwewo asanawonongenso.

VI. Nchiyani chimapangitsa kuti ma relay alephere?

Ma relay adapangidwa kuti azikhala olimba komanso okhalitsa, koma amatha kulephera pakapita nthawi. Nazi zina mwazomwe zimayambitsa kulephera kwa relay:

Zaka:

Monga zida zambiri zamakina ndi zamagetsi, ma relay angapo amatha kutha pakapita nthawi. Pogwiritsa ntchito relay kwambiri, m'pamenenso amatha kulephera.

Kutengera kutentha kwambiri:

Zotumizirana zamagalimoto nthawi zambiri zimakhala m'chipinda cha injini, pomwe zimatha kuwonedwa ndi kutentha kwambiri. Pakapita nthawi, kutentha kumeneku kungapangitse kuti zigawo za relay ziwonongeke ndikulephera.

Mphamvu yamagetsi:

Ma spikes a Voltage, omwe amatha kuchitika akayatsidwa kapena kuzimitsa relay, amatha kuwononga kulumikizana kwa ma relay ndikupangitsa kulephera.

Kuchulukitsa:

Ngati relay ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera dera lomwe limakoka kwambiri pakali pano, limatha kutentha kwambiri ndikulephera.

Kuyika kosakwanira:

Ngati relay sinayikidwe bwino, imatha kuwonongeka kapena kulephera kugwira ntchito bwino.

Kuti mupewe kulephera kwa relay, ndikofunikira kutsatira malangizo awa:

Gwiritsani ntchitoma relay apamwamba kwambiri:

Kusankha relay yapamwamba kungathandize kuonetsetsa kuti ikhala nthawi yayitali komanso kugwira ntchito moyenera.

Sungani ma relay abwino: 

Ngati n'kotheka, perekani ma relay pamalo pomwe pasakhale kutentha pang'ono.

Gwiritsani ntchito ma relay oyenera pozungulira:

Onetsetsani kuti mwasankha relay yokhala ndi mavoti apamwamba kwambiri kuti muzitha kuyendetsa dera lomwe liziwongolera.

Tsatirani njira zoyenera zoyikira: 

Onetsetsani kuti mukutsatira malangizo a wopanga poika cholumikizira kuti musachiwononge.

Potsatira malangizowa, mungathandize kupewa kulephera kwa relay ndikuwonetsetsa kuti magetsi a galimoto yanu akugwira ntchito bwino kwa zaka zikubwerazi.

VII. Mapeto

Pomaliza, ma relay amagalimoto amagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pamagalimoto. Amagwira ntchito ngati masiwichi omwe amawongolera kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zosiyanasiyana zagalimoto, monga nyali zakutsogolo, ma blower motor, ndi zoziziritsira mpweya.

Takambirana zamitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagalimoto, kuphatikiza ma relay omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala otseguka, ma relay omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala otsekedwa, ma relay osinthika, ndi ma micro relay. Tawunikiranso zinthu zomwe zimafala zomwe zimatha kubwera ndi ma relay, monga ma voltage spikes ndi kulephera, ndipo tapereka malangizo ozindikira ndi kupewa izi.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri za ma relay amagalimoto, owerenga atha kuloza kuzinthu monga ma database opanga kapena kufunsa katswiri wodalirika wamagalimoto. Ndikofunikira kukhala ndi chidziwitso choyambirira cha ma relay agalimoto kuti muwonetsetse chitetezo ndi kudalirika kwamagetsi agalimoto yanu.