I. Chiyambi
A. Tanthauzo la Chiwombankhanga
Relay ndi chosinthira chamagetsi chomwe chimayendetsedwa ndi dera lina lamagetsi.Zimapangidwa ndi koyilo yomwe imapanga mphamvu ya maginito ndi gulu la zolumikizana zomwe zimatseguka ndi kutseka poyankha mphamvu ya maginito.Ma relay amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera mabwalo amagetsi omwe amaphatikiza mafunde apamwamba kapena ma voltages, kapena pomwe makina angapo amafunikira kuwongolera kuchokera kugwero limodzi.
B. Kufunika kwa ma Relay
Ma relay ndi gawo lofunikira pamakina ambiri amagetsi.Amapereka njira yotetezeka komanso yabwino yoyendetsera mabwalo apamwamba kapena ma voltage, ndipo amalola kuwongolera machitidwe angapo kuchokera kugwero limodzi.Ma relay amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza pamagalimoto, makina am'mafakitale, ndi zida zapanyumba.
C. Cholinga cha Nkhaniyi
Cholinga cha nkhaniyi ndikupereka chidule cha momwe ma relay amagwirira ntchito komanso kufotokozera momwe mungayesere ngati relay ikugwira ntchito kapena ayi.Iperekanso maupangiri othana ndi vuto la relay yolakwika ndikuyisintha ngati kuli kofunikira.Pakutha kwa nkhaniyi, owerenga akuyenera kumvetsetsa bwino momwe ma relay amagwirira ntchito komanso momwe angathetsere zovuta zomwe wamba.
II.Momwe Ma Relay Amagwirira Ntchito
A.Zowonjezera Zowonjezera
Ma relay amapangidwa ndi zigawo zingapo zofunika.Izi zikuphatikizapo koyilo yowongolera, zolumikizirana, ndi mpanda.Koyilo yowongolera nthawi zambiri ndi waya wa waya womwe umapanga mphamvu ya maginito pomwe pano ikuyenda modutsa.Zolumikizira ndi ma switch amagetsi omwe amatseguka ndi kutseka potengera mphamvu ya maginito.Chotsekeracho ndi chotchinga choteteza chomwe chimakhala ndi zigawo za relay.
B. Momwe Relays Sinthani Magawo Amagetsi
Pamene panopa ikuyenda kudzera pa koyilo yolamulira, imapanga mphamvu ya maginito yomwe imakokera pamodzi kapena kuwakankhira pambali.Kusuntha uku kwa olumikizana ndiko kumatsegula kapena kutseka dera lamagetsi lomwe relay ikuwongolera.Ma relay nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera ma frequency apamwamba kapena ma voltage, monga omwe amapezeka m'magalimoto kapena pamakina aku mafakitale.
C. Mitundu ya ma Relay
Ma relay amabwera m'mitundu yosiyanasiyana, iliyonse yopangidwira ntchito zapadera.Nayi mitundu yodziwika bwino ya ma relay:
1.Ma Electromagnetic Relays
Ma electromagnetic relay ndi mtundu wodziwika kwambiri wa ma relay.Amagwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito electromagnet kuti ayambitse chosinthira, chomwe chimayatsa kapena kuzimitsa dera.Ma electromagnetic relay amatha kunyamula mphamvu zambiri ndi ma voliyumu, kuwapangitsa kukhala abwino kwa ntchito zamafakitale, monga zolumikizirana zamagalimoto m'bokosi la fuse, kutumizirana zinthu zambiri.
2.Solid State Relays
Solid state relays (SSRs) ndi ma relay amagetsi omwe amagwiritsa ntchito masiwichi a semiconductor m'malo molumikizana ndi makina.Ndiwodalirika komanso amakhala ndi moyo wautali kuposa ma electromagnetic relay, kuwapangitsa kukhala oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimafuna kudalirika kwambiri.
3.Reed Relays
Ma relay a Reed amagwiritsa ntchito maginito kuti ayambitse kusinthaku.Ndiwocheperako ndipo ali ndi liwiro losinthira mwachangu kuposa ma elekitiromagineti, kuwapangitsa kukhala abwino kwa mapulogalamu omwe ali ndi ma frequency apamwamba.
4.Diode Relays
Kutumizirana ma diode kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza zida zamagetsi zamagetsi ku ma spikes amagetsi omwe amatha kuchitika pomwe cholumikizira chazimitsidwa.Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga magalimoto kuti ateteze kuwonongeka kwamagetsi agalimoto.
5.Polarized Relays
Ma polarized relay amagwiritsa ntchito maginito kuti ayambitse kusinthana, koma amafunikira polarity kuti agwire ntchito.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamagalimoto apagalimoto, monga ma air conditioning ndi ma wiper a windshield.
6.Latching Relays
Ma relay a Latching amagwiritsa ntchito kugunda kwakung'ono kwapano kuti ayambitse chosinthira, chomwe chimakhazikika m'malo mwake mpaka kugunda kwina kwapano kuyikidwa.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazinthu zomwe zimafuna mphamvu zochepa.
7.Nthawi Kuchedwa Kutumiza
Kuchedwetsa kwa nthawi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchedwetsa kusintha kwa dera kwanthawi yayitali.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamapulogalamu omwe amafunikira kuchedwa musanayambe kuyatsa kapena kuzimitsa dera.
8.Thermal Relays
Ma relay amatenthetsa amagwiritsa ntchito kutentha ngati njira yoyatsira.Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza ma motors kuti asatenthedwe.
Pomaliza, kumvetsetsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma relay kungakuthandizeni kusankha njira yoyenera yolumikizirana ndi pulogalamu yanu.Ndikofunika kusankha mtundu woyenera wa relay kuti muwonetsetse kuti idzagwira ntchito moyenera komanso modalirika mudera lanu.Podziwa mphamvu ndi zofooka za mtundu uliwonse wa relay, mukhoza kupanga chisankho chodziwitsidwa posankha njira yotumizira pulojekiti yanu.
III.Zizindikiro za Relay Yolakwika
A. Relay Kudina
Chimodzi mwazizindikiro zodziwika bwino za relay yolakwika ndi mawu akudumpha omwe amapanga akayatsa kapena kuzimitsa.Komabe, ngati mawu akudina akusemphana kapena palibe mawu, ndiye kuti zitha kuwonetsa kulumikizidwa kolakwika.
B. Zida Zamagetsi Sizikugwira Ntchito
Chizindikiro china cha relay yolakwika ndi pamene zida zamagetsi zomwe relay ikuwongolera, monga ma wiper akutsogolo kapena zoziziritsira mpweya, zimasiya kugwira ntchito.Izi zikhoza kusonyeza kuti relay yalephera kuyatsa kapena kuzimitsa dera lamagetsi, kulepheretsa gawo lamagetsi kuti lisalandire mphamvu.
C. Magesi Oyaka Kapena Ophulika
Ngati chingwe cholumikizira chayikidwa pamalo omwe ali ndi mpweya woyaka kapena wophulika, kutumizirana kolakwika kungayambitse mipweya iyi kuyatsa, zomwe zimadzetsa nkhawa zachitetezo.Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana pafupipafupi ma relay m'malo amtunduwu kuti muwonetsetse kuti akuyenda bwino.
D. Kuthamanga kwa Mphamvu
Ma relay adapangidwa kuti aziteteza kumayendedwe amagetsi ndi zovuta zina zamagetsi.Komabe, relay yolakwika imatha kulephera kutero, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kwa zida zamagetsi kapena machitidwe omwe amayenera kuteteza.
E. Madera Aafupi
Kuwongolera kolakwika kungayambitse kagawo kakang'ono, komwe kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa waya kapena kuyatsa moto.Ndikofunikira kuyang'ana pafupipafupi ma relay kuti muwone ngati zawonongeka kapena kutha, ndikuzisintha pakangodziwika vuto lililonse.
Podziwa zizindikiro izi, mukhoza kuzindikira mosavuta ngati relay ikugwira ntchito bwino kapena ngati ikufunika kusinthidwa kuti muteteze kuwonongeka kwina kulikonse kapena zoopsa zachitetezo.
IV.Kuyesa Relay
A. Masitepe Kuyesa Relay
Kuyesa ma relay ndi njira yosavuta yomwe imatha kuchitidwa ngakhale ndi amateur mechanics.Nawa masitepe kuti muyesere relay:
Chotsani cholumikizira kumagetsi agalimoto.
Yang'anani chithunzi cha mawaya kuti muzindikire koyilo yopatsirana ndikusinthira mapini.
Yezerani kuchuluka kwa ma koyilo owongolera ndi ma multimeter.Njira yotumizirana mauthenga ikuyenera kuwonetsa kukana mkati mwa mulingo womwe wafotokozedwa mu bukhu la eni ake kapena buku la mautumiki.buku la utumiki.
Yang'anani mtengo wotsutsa wa ma switch terminals ndi multimeter.Mtengo wokana uyenera kukhala wopandamalire pomwe relay yachotsedwa mphamvu ndi ziro ikapatsidwa mphamvu.
Yesani zolumikizirana ndi ma relay kuti mupitilize kugwiritsa ntchito multimeter's mosalekeza.
B. Kuyesa ndi Multimeter
Multimeter ndi chida chothandizira kuyesa ma relay.Umu ndi momwe mungayesere relay ndi multimeter:
Khazikitsani multimeter kuti muyeze voteji ya DC.
Lumikizani chotsogola chabwino cha multimeter ku terminal yowongolera ya relay.
Lumikizani njira yolakwika ya multimeter ku terminal yoyipa ya batri.
Yezerani mphamvu ya batri.
Limbikitsani relay pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu pa koyilo yowongolera pogwiritsa ntchito waya wodumphira.
Yezerani mphamvu yamagetsi pa relay's switch terminal.Mphamvu yamagetsi iyenera kukhala pafupi ndi mphamvu ya batri ngati relay ikugwira ntchito bwino.
C. Kuyesa ndi Jumper Waya
Njira inanso yoyesera relay ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito mawaya a jumper.Umu ndi momwe:
Chotsani cholumikizira kumagetsi agalimoto.
Lumikizani mawaya odumphira kuchokera kutheminali yabwino ya batire kupita kumalo owongolera a relay.
Lumikizani mawaya ena odumphira kuchokera pamalo oyipa a batire kupita kumalo owongolera a relay.
Mvetserani kugunda kwapang'onopang'ono, kusonyeza kuti ikugwira ntchito.
Gwiritsani ntchito nyali yoyesera kuti muwone ngati pali mphamvu pazikhomo za relay.
Potsatira njira zoyeserazi, mutha kudziwa ngati relay ikugwira ntchito bwino kapena ikufunika kusinthidwa.
V. Kuthetsa Mavuto pa Relay Yolakwika
A. Kuzindikira Vuto
Ngati mukuganiza kuti muli ndi vuto lotumizirana mauthenga, chinthu choyamba ndicho kuzindikira vutolo.Yang'anani zizindikiro za relay yolakwika, monga kudina mawu kapena zida zamagetsi sizikugwira ntchito.Mukhozanso kugwiritsa ntchito mawaya a multimeter kapena jumper kuti muyesereni.
B. Kupeza Relay Yolondola
Mukazindikira kuti relay yolakwika, muyenera kupeza m'malo oyenera.Yang'anani bukhu la eni ake kapena buku la ntchito lagalimoto yanu kapena makina amagetsi kuti mupeze relay yoyenera.Onetsetsani kuti mwapeza mtundu wolondola komanso kukula kwa relay kwa pulogalamu yanu.buku lautumiki lagalimoto yanu kapena makina amagetsi kuti mupeze
C. Zithunzi za Wiring
Onani chithunzi cha mawaya agalimoto yanu kapena makina amagetsi kuti mudziwe pomwe pali cholakwika ndi mawaya ake.Izi zikuthandizani kuchotsa ndikusintha relay moyenera.
D. Kuyika M'malo mwa Faulty Relay
Kuti mutengere relay yolakwika, choyamba, onetsetsani kuti makinawo alibe mphamvu.Kenako, chotsani chingwe chakale ndikusintha ndi china chatsopano.Onetsetsani kuti mwalumikiza relay yatsopano molondola, potsatira chithunzi cha mawaya.Yesani chingwe chatsopanocho kuti muwonetsetse kuti chikuyenda bwino.
VI.Mapeto
A. Kubwereza Mfundo Zazikulu
M'nkhaniyi, tafotokoza zofunikira za ma relay, momwe amagwirira ntchito, komanso momwe tingadziwire ngati relay ikugwira ntchito bwino.Takambirananso za zizindikiro za relay yolakwika, momwe tingayesere ndikuthetsa vuto la relay, ndi momwe mungasinthire chingwe cholakwika.
B. Kufunika Kosamalira Nthawi Zonse
Ndikofunikira kukonza nthawi zonse pagalimoto yanu kapena makina amagetsi kuti mupewe kulephera kwa relay.Izi zikuphatikizapo kuyang'ana makina opangira mawaya, kuyang'ana bokosi la fuse, ndi kuyesa ma relay nthawi ndi nthawi.Kusamalira nthawi zonse kungakuthandizeni kuzindikira mavuto omwe angakhalepo asanakhale aakulu.
C.Malingaliro Omaliza
Pomaliza, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa momwe ma relay amagwirira ntchito komanso magwiridwe antchito pamakina aliwonse amagetsi.Kutha kuzindikira ndi kuzindikira zolakwika zotumizirana mauthenga kungapulumutse nthawi, ndalama, ngakhalenso kupewa zinthu zoopsa.Mwa kusunga nthawi zonse ndikuyesa ma relay anu, mutha kutsimikizira chitetezo ndi kudalirika kwa galimoto yanu kapena zida zina zamagetsi.Mothandizidwa ndi nkhaniyi, tsopano mukumvetsetsa bwino momwe mungayesere, kuthetsa mavuto, ndikusintha ma relay olakwika.Kumbukirani kuti nthawi zonse muziwona buku la eni ake, buku la mautumiki, ndi malamulo apafupi musanayese ntchito yamagetsi nokha.Khalani otetezeka ndipo sungani makina anu amagetsi akuyenda bwino.buku lautumiki, ndi malamulo akumaloko.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-15-2023