I. Gabatarwa
A. Ma'anar Relay
Relay shine maɓalli na lantarki wanda wani kewayen lantarki ke sarrafa shi. Ya ƙunshi murɗa wanda ke ƙirƙirar filin maganadisu da saitin lambobin sadarwa waɗanda ke buɗewa da rufewa don amsawa ga filin maganadisu. Ana amfani da relays don sarrafa da'irar lantarki waɗanda ke haɗa manyan igiyoyi ko ƙarfin lantarki, ko kuma inda ake buƙatar sarrafa tsarin da yawa daga tushe guda.
B. Muhimmancin Relays
Relays abu ne mai mahimmanci na tsarin lantarki da yawa. Suna samar da hanya mai aminci da inganci don sarrafa manyan na'urori na yanzu ko ƙarfin lantarki, kuma suna ba da izinin sarrafa tsarin da yawa daga tushe guda. Ana amfani da relays a aikace-aikace iri-iri, gami da a cikin motoci, injinan masana'antu, da na'urorin gida.
C. Manufar Labarin
Manufar wannan labarin shine don ba da taƙaitaccen bayanin yadda relays ke aiki da kuma bayyana yadda ake gwada ko relay yana aiki ko a'a. Hakanan zai ba da shawarwari kan magance matsalar relay mara kyau da maye gurbinsa idan ya cancanta. Zuwa karshen wannan labarin, yakamata masu karatu su fahimci yadda aikin relays ke aiki da kuma yadda ake magance matsalolin relay gama gari.
II. Yadda Relays ke Aiki
A.Kayayyakin Relay
Relays ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu mahimmanci da yawa. Waɗannan sun haɗa da coil na sarrafawa, lambobin sadarwa, da kewaye. Nadin sarrafawa yawanci igiyar waya ce wacce ke ƙirƙirar filin maganadisu lokacin da halin yanzu ke gudana ta cikinsa. Lambobin maɓallan wutar lantarki ne waɗanda ke buɗewa da rufewa don mayar da martani ga filin maganadisu. Wurin shine kashin kariyar da ke tattare da abubuwan da aka gyara.
B. Yadda Relays Canja Wutar Lantarki
Lokacin da halin yanzu ke gudana ta cikin na'ura mai sarrafawa, yana ƙirƙirar filin maganadisu wanda zai ja lambobi tare ko ture su. Wannan motsi na lambobin sadarwa shine ke buɗewa ko rufe da'irar wutar lantarki da relay ke sarrafawa. Ana amfani da relays yawanci don sarrafa manyan na'urori na yanzu ko ƙarfin lantarki, kamar waɗanda aka samu a cikin motoci ko injinan masana'antu.
C. Nau'in Relays
Relays ya zo cikin nau'ikan iri daban-daban, kowanne an tsara shi don takamaiman aikace-aikace. Anan ga wasu nau'ikan relays da aka fi sani:
1. Electromagnetic Relays
Relays na lantarki shine mafi yawan nau'in relays. Suna aiki ta hanyar amfani da na'urar lantarki don kunna mai kunnawa, wanda sai ya kunna ko kashe da'ira. Relays na lantarki na iya ɗaukar babban ƙarfi da ƙarfin lantarki, yana sa su dace don aikace-aikacen masana'antu, kamar relays na kera a cikin akwatin fiusi, relays na gaba ɗaya.
2. Tsayayyen Relays na Jiha
Solid state relays (SSRs) su ne na'urorin lantarki da ke amfani da na'ura mai kwakwalwa maimakon lambobi. Sun fi dogara kuma suna da tsawon rayuwa fiye da relays na lantarki, suna sa su dace da aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar babban aminci.
3. Reed Relays
Reed relays yana amfani da filin maganadisu don kunna sauyawa. Sun fi ƙanƙanta kuma suna da saurin sauyawa fiye da relays na lantarki, yana sa su dace don aikace-aikace tare da mitoci masu yawa.
4. Diode Relays
Ana amfani da relays na diode don kare kayan lantarki masu mahimmanci daga fitattun wutar lantarki waɗanda zasu iya faruwa lokacin da aka kashe relay. Ana kuma amfani da su a aikace-aikacen mota don hana lalacewar na'urorin lantarki na abin hawa.
5. Polarized Relays
Polarized relays suna amfani da filin maganadisu don kunna sauyawa, amma suna buƙatar takamaiman polarity don aiki. Ana yawan amfani da su a aikace-aikacen mota, kamar kwandishan da gogewar iska.
6. Latching Relays
Latching relays yana amfani da ƙaramin bugun jini na yanzu don kunna maɓalli, wanda daga nan sai a yi amfani da bugun bugun jini. Ana amfani da su da yawa a aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ƙarancin wutar lantarki.
7. Relays Jinkirin Lokaci
Ana amfani da relays na jinkirin lokaci don jinkirta sauyawa na da'ira na wani takamaiman adadin lokaci. Ana amfani da su da yawa a aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar jinkiri kafin kunnawa ko kashe da'ira.
8. Thermal Relays
Thermal relays suna amfani da zafin jiki azaman hanyar jawo. An fi amfani da su don kare motoci daga zafi fiye da kima.
A ƙarshe, fahimtar nau'ikan relays daban-daban na iya taimaka muku zaɓi madaidaiciyar hanyar ba da sanda don takamaiman aikace-aikacenku. Yana da mahimmanci a zaɓi nau'in relay ɗin daidai don tabbatar da cewa zai yi aiki yadda ya kamata kuma amintacce a kewayen ku. Ta hanyar sanin ƙarfi da iyakoki na kowane nau'in gudun ba da sanda, za ku iya yanke shawara mai fa'ida lokacin zabar gudun ba da sanda don aikinku.
III. Alamomin Relay mara kyau
A. Relay Dannawa
Ɗaya daga cikin alamun da aka fi sani da relay mara kyau shine danna sautin da yake yi lokacin da yake kunnawa ko kashewa. Koyaya, idan sautin dannawa bai dace ba ko kuma babu sauti kwata-kwata, to yana iya nuna kuskuren relay.
B. Kayan Wutar Lantarki Baya Aiki
Wata alamar rashin kuskure ita ce lokacin da kayan aikin lantarki da na'urar ke sarrafa su, kamar gogewar iska ko kwandishan, sun daina aiki gaba ɗaya. Wannan na iya nuna cewa relay ɗin ya gaza kunna ko kashe wutar lantarki, yana hana ɓangaren wutar lantarki samun wuta.
C. Gas masu ƙonewa ko masu fashewa
Idan an shigar da na'urar relay a cikin mahalli tare da iskar gas mai ƙonewa ko fashewa, kuskuren isar da iskar gas zai iya haifar da ƙonewa na iskar gas, wanda zai haifar da matsalolin tsaro. Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci a kai a kai duba relays a cikin waɗannan nau'ikan mahalli don tabbatar da suna aiki yadda ya kamata.
D. Ƙarfin Ƙarfi
An ƙera relays don kare kariya daga hawan wutar lantarki da sauran rashin daidaituwar wutar lantarki. Duk da haka, hanyar isar da sako mara kyau na iya gaza yin hakan, yana haifar da lalacewa ga kayan aikin lantarki ko tsarin da ake son karewa.
E. Gajerun Kewaye
Rashin isar da saƙo na iya haifar da ɗan gajeren kewayawa, wanda zai iya haifar da lalacewa ga tsarin wayar ko ma kunna wuta. Yana da mahimmanci a kai a kai bincika relays don alamun lalacewa ko lalacewa, da maye gurbin su da zarar an gano wata matsala.
Ta hanyar sanin waɗannan alamomin, zaku iya ganowa cikin sauƙi idan na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa tana aiki da kyau ko kuma idan tana buƙatar maye gurbinta don hana wani ƙarin lalacewa ko haɗari.
IV. Gwajin Relay
A. Matakai don Gwada Relay
Gwajin gudun ba da sanda tsari ne mai sauƙi wanda za a iya yi ko da ta injiniyoyi masu son. Anan ga matakan gwada relay:
Cire relay daga na'urorin lantarki na abin hawa.
Bincika zanen wayoyi don gano coil ɗin relay da canza fil.
Auna ƙimar juriya na tashoshi masu sarrafa na'urar relay tare da multimeter. Relay mai aiki yakamata ya nuna ƙimar juriya a cikin kewayon da aka kayyade a littafin jagorar mai shi ko littafin sabis. littafin sabis.
Bincika ƙimar juriya na tashoshi masu sauyawa tare da multimeter. Ƙimar juriya ya kamata ta zama marar iyaka lokacin da aka daina samun kuzarin relay da sifili lokacin da aka ƙarfafa shi.
Gwada lambobin sauya sheka don ci gaba ta amfani da yanayin ci gaba na multimeter.
B. Gwaji tare da Multimeter
Multimeter kayan aiki ne mai amfani don gwada relays. Ga yadda ake gwada relay da multimeter:
Saita multimeter don auna ƙarfin lantarki na DC.
Haɗa ingantacciyar jagorar multimeter zuwa tasha mai sarrafa na'urar relay.
Haɗa madaidaicin gubar multimeter zuwa tasha mara kyau na baturi.
Auna ƙarfin baturi.
Ƙarfafa relay ta hanyar yin amfani da wuta a kan na'urar sarrafawa ta amfani da waya mai tsalle.
Auna ƙarfin lantarki a tashar sauyawa ta gudun ba da sanda. Ya kamata wutar lantarki ta kasance kusa da ƙarfin baturi idan relay ɗin yana aiki da kyau.
C. Gwaji da Wayoyin Jumper
Wata hanyar gwada gudun ba da sanda ita ce ta amfani da wayoyi masu tsalle. Ga yadda:
Cire relay daga na'urorin lantarki na abin hawa.
Haɗa waya mai tsalle daga ingantacciyar tashar baturin zuwa tashar mai sarrafa na'urar relay.
Haɗa wata waya mai tsalle daga mummunan tasha na baturin zuwa ƙasa mai sarrafa na'urar relay.
Saurari sautin latsawa na relay, yana nuna yana aiki.
Yi amfani da hasken gwaji don bincika wutar lantarki a fitilun masu sauya sheƙa.
Ta bin waɗannan hanyoyin gwaji, zaku iya tantance ko relay yana aiki da kyau ko yana buƙatar sauyawa.
V. Shirya matsala a Relay mara kyau
A. Gano Matsala
Idan kuna zargin cewa kuna da kuskuren relay, mataki na farko shine gano matsalar. Nemo alamun relay mara kyau, kamar danna sautuna ko kayan lantarki basa aiki. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da wayoyi na multimeter ko jumper don gwada relay.
B. Nemo Madaidaicin Relay
Da zarar kun gano kuskuren relay, kuna buƙatar nemo madaidaicin maye. Bincika littafin jagora ko littafin sabis don abin hawa ko tsarin lantarki don nemo madaidaicin gudun ba da sanda. Tabbatar samun daidai nau'in da girman relay don aikace-aikacenku. littafin sabis don abin hawa ko tsarin lantarki don nemo
C. Siffofin Waya
Koma zuwa zanen wayoyi don abin hawa ko tsarin lantarki don tantance wurin da ba daidai ba da yadda aka haɗa shi. Wannan zai taimaka maka cirewa da maye gurbin relay daidai.
D. Sauya Relay mara kyau
Don maye gurbin relay mara kyau, da farko, tabbatar da cewa tsarin ya daina samun kuzari. Sa'an nan, cire tsohon gudun ba da sanda da kuma maye gurbin shi da wani sabo. Tabbatar da haɗa sabon gudun ba da sanda daidai, bin zanen waya. Gwada sabon relay don tabbatar da cewa yana aiki da kyau.
VI. Kammalawa
A. Maimaita Manyan Abubuwan
A cikin wannan labarin, mun yi bayani game da abubuwan da ake amfani da su na relays, yadda suke aiki, da kuma yadda za a gane idan na'urar relay yana aiki da kyau. Mun kuma tattauna alamomin relay na kuskure, yadda ake gwadawa da magance matsalar relay, da yadda za a maye gurbin da ba daidai ba.
B. Muhimmancin Kulawa Da Kullum
Yana da mahimmanci a yi gyare-gyare akai-akai akan abin hawan ku ko tsarin lantarki don hana gazawar relay. Wannan ya haɗa da duba tsarin wayoyi, duba akwatin fuse, da gwada relays lokaci-lokaci. Kulawa na yau da kullun zai iya taimaka maka gano matsalolin da za su iya kasancewa kafin su zama batutuwa masu mahimmanci.
C.Tunani Na Karshe
A ƙarshe, yana da mahimmanci don fahimtar aiki da aikin da ya dace na relays a cikin kowane tsarin lantarki. Ƙarfin ganowa da gano kuskuren relays na iya adana lokaci, kuɗi, har ma da hana yanayi masu haɗari. Ta hanyar kiyayewa da gwada relays ɗinku akai-akai, zaku iya tabbatar da aminci da amincin abin hawan ku ko wasu kayan lantarki. Tare da taimakon wannan labarin, yanzu kun fahimci yadda ake gwadawa, warware matsalar, da maye gurbin relays mara kyau. Ka tuna koyaushe tuntuɓar littafin mai shi, littafin sabis, da dokokin gida kafin yin ƙoƙarin kowane aikin lantarki da kanka. A zauna lafiya kuma ku kiyaye tsarin wutar lantarki ɗinku yana gudana cikin kwanciyar hankali. littafin sabis, da dokokin gida.
Lokacin aikawa: Yuli-15-2023